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Islam, Democracy and Human Rights in Contemporary Indonesia1472. Uzbekistan %u2013 Reform of the Exit Ban System (2017)Case SummaryFor many years, Uzbekistan maintained a travel blacklistfor citizens deemed %u201cdisloyal,%u201d %u201cindebted,%u201d or %u201cproblematicwith the state.%u201d This blacklist had no time limit and nomechanism for removal.As a result, many citizens were unable to leave the countryfor years without any clear justification.Following international pressure and reports from HumanRights Watch and Freedom House, the Uzbek governmenteventually abolished the blacklist system in 2017, introducedan administrative appeal mechanism, and required that anytravel ban must be based on a court decision, be temporary,and subject to appeal.3. Iran %u2013 Exit Restrictions on Academics and ActivistsCase Summary:Iran imposed exit bans on academics, journalists, andactivists, sometimes for years, without any legal process.One prominent case (2012) involved Nasrin Sotoudeh, ahuman rights lawyer prohibited from traveling abroad onthe grounds of %u201cendangering the state.%u201dNasrin and other Iranian human rights activists broughttheir case before the UN Human Rights Council%u2019s Working