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142Islam, Democracy and Human Rights in Contemporary IndonesiaProvisions of International Human Rights InstrumentsFrom a juridical perspective, there are several internationalhuman rights instruments relevant to demonstrating that Article47 of Government Regulation No. 28 of 2022 contradicts theuniversal principles of human rights, particularly those relatedto the right to freedom of movement, the right to legal certainty,and the right to protection from arbitrary actions, including:1. International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights(ICCPR) (Ratified by Indonesia through Law No. 12 of2005, and therefore legally binding at the national level)Article 12 %u2013 Freedom of Movement%u00b7 Paragraph (2): %u201cEveryone shall be free to leave anycountry, including his own.%u201d%u00b7 Paragraph (3): %u201cThe above-mentioned rights shall notbe subject to any restrictions except those which areprovided by law, are necessary to protect nationalsecurity, public order (ordre public), public health ormorals, or the rights and freedoms of others, and areconsistent with the other rights recognized in the presentCovenant.%u201dContradictions:%u00b7 Government Regulation No. 28/2022 allows forextensions of travel bans without a clear time limit.%u00b7 Such restrictions do not meet the requirements of%u201cnecessity%u201d and %u201cproportionality%u201d under Article 12(3).%u00b7 Administrative prevention without judicial process or