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40Islam, Democracy and Human Rights in Contemporary Indonesiaintellectuals in our country, who made significant contributionto formulating the wordings in the Preamble. The Preamble ofthe 1945 Constitution contains all basic elements of human rightsin the field of social, politics and economy, and even furtheraffirms the collective rights of a nation to free and liberate itfrom all forms of foreign occupation, domination, oppressionand colonial power.In the era of reform unfolding in our country, radical changetakes its form. The People%u2019s Consultative Assembly adopted anhistoric decision on human rights, followed by the adoption of some legislations on human rights, namely, Human Rights Law,Law on Human Rights Court. A great deal of parts of thoselegislations, containing the provisions on crime againsthumanity, is derivative from the elements originated in theIslamic law shariah and other international statutes,conventions. Furthermore, amendments made twice to the 1945Constitution completed the articles on human rights which theyare not present in the original text of the 1945 Constitution. Theestablishment of various human rights government or nongovernment institutions, including an independent commission,constitutes the need to facilitate our efforts to promote andprotect human rights. Untiring efforts are also being made totrain government officials, law enforcements officials, incarrying out their tasks, to ensure the actual implementation ofthe values of and the provisions on human rights. We also doour best to establish human rights-based school curriculum fromelementary to tertiary education.It is our intention to show to the international communitythat, as a nation emerged from a long foreign occupation andoppression for three and a half centuries, we have commitment